name the process by which crude oil is refined
Answers
The first part of refining crude oil is to heat it until it bolis. The boiling liquid is separated into different liquid and gases in a distillation column. This liquid is used to make petrol, paraffin, desiel fuel e.t.c. Crude oil is the mixture of different chemical is called hydrocarbon.
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Many useful substances are obtained from petroleum. These are termed as
„Petrochemicals‟. These are used in the manufacture of detergents, synthetic fibres and
man-made plastics. Hydrogen gas obtained from natural gas is used in the production of
fertilisers. Due to its great commercial importance, petroleum is also called „black gold’.
Light gases are the topmost fraction, followed by petrol and kerosene. Diesel is the
heaviest. The other heavier fractions are not useful and are usually used to
make asphalt to surface roads
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