Question

name the reaction used to test primary amine and write the complete balanced equation for above reaction ​

Answer 1

Carbylamine reaction is used to test primary amines. The complete balanced equation is shown below.

• When primary amines (also aromatic amines)  is heated in the presence of chloroform (CHCl3) and ethanolic solution of KOH, foul smelling isocyanides (also called carbylamines) are formed.
• Secondary and tertiary amines do not undergo this test, no carbylamines are produced this time.
• As a result, it is a very good test to identify whether the amine is primary or not.

The complete balanced reaction is as follows :

R-NH2      +  CHCl3       +    3KOH    →          R-NC       +      3KCl + 3H2O

(1° amine)     (chloroform)                        (alkyl isocyanide)

'R' is primary alkyl group.

As mentioned earlier, only primary amines respond to this test. So, carbylamine reaction is used in the test of primary amines.

Know more

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