name the soil found in the semi- arid areas of gujarat
Answers
Saline Soils
They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Their structure ranges from sandy to loamy. They lack in nitrogen and calcium. Saline soils are more widespread in western Gujarat, deltas of the eastern coast and in Sunderban areas of West Bengal.
Answer:
Bangladesh Soil The major part of Bangladesh is on the delta formed by the three major rivers brahmaputra, ganges and meghna. These rivers and many of the country's other minor rivers originate outside the national boundary of the country and make up the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system.
The system drains a basin of some 1.76 million sq km and carry not only snowmelt water from the himalayas but also runoff water from some of the highest rainfall areas of the world. Over millennia, the sediments carried by the huge discharges of these rivers have built a broad delta, forming most of the large area of Bangladesh and the submerged delta-plain in the bay of bengal. These huge sediments are the major sources of formation of 80% soils of the country. The remaining 20% of soils have been formed in Tertiary and Quaternary sediments of hills (12%) and in uplifted pleistocene terrace (8%).
Soil formation Regarding soil formation, two distinct conditions occur in Bangladesh: alternating seasonal wet or inundated and dry conditions, as prevalent on most of the floodplain areas, and intermittently wet or moist or dry conditions, as on the upland areas of hills and terraces. This is due to variation of agroclimatic parameters in different seasons. The soil formation process differs significantly between floodplain, hill and uplifted terrace.
Floodplain In many areas, the soil surveys recognised active, young, and old floodplain landscapes. Active floodplains occupy land within and adjacent to the main rivers where shifting channels deposit and erode new sediments during the annual floods. Newly deposited alluvium within this floodplain is stratified in different layers. Usually, silty and clay deposits are finely stratified, and sandy deposits, as well as mixed sandy and silty deposits are coarsely stratified. This is a state from where the soil forming factors are yet to activate the soil forming processes.
The young and old floodplains are virtually stable land that the main river channel has moved away, but they are crossed by tributary or distributary channels that vary from active to moribund delta. On these floodplains, the process of soil formation dominates over sediment deposition, as evidenced by soil characteristics ie the original alluvial stratification has been broken up by biological mixing; the subsoil has developed structure and oxidised mottles; and, in older soils, the topsoil has become acid.