Geography, asked by akkabsl, 1 year ago

name the sources of information about forces operating inside the earth

Answers

Answered by jayasivapriya10
4

The earth's radius is  6370 km this makes it impossible to collect first hand information through collection of data.

Some of the information we have about the interior of earth's are estimates and some are based on inferences. On the other hand, some of the information is acquired by carrying out direct observation and analysis of material.


The Sources Of Information Are:


1. Direct Sources

- Rocks from mining

- Deep ocean drilling project and integrated ocean drilling project e.g the Kola, in Arctic Ocean which is the deepest drill

-Volcanic eruption


2. Indirect Sources

-Analysis of properties of matter e.g during mining activity, analysis of density, temperature, pressure

- Analysis of meteors which an indirect resource since its not from the earth. Meteors are analyzed have material from other planets that are similar or same to ours

- Gravitation force, Seismic activity and Magnetic filed are also indirect source


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Answered by 15121115anil
2
earthquakes and related phenomenon, have discovered a way to use earthquake waves to deduce the structure of the earth's interior. Geologists cannot directly study anything more than the outermost 5-8 miles of the crust, leaving a vast majority of the earth unobserved.However, they have found that after an earthquake, waves of energy travel not only through the rocks of the earth's surface but also through the center of the earth. The waves that pass through the earth travel at different speeds depending on the rock type, its temperature, and its pressure. Following an earthquake, scientists at stations all around the earth record the time and intensity of the waves that arrive at their location. Using information about the arrival and behavior of the waves, scientists can deduce a picture of the different layers of the earth's interior. This is how scientists have developed a 5-layer model of the earth consisting of a solid inner core, a liquid outer core, a liquid mantle, a taffy-like upper layer, all underneath the outer crust.

A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other. Along these boundaries, lava spews from long fissures and geysers spurt superheated water. Frequent earthquakes strike along the rift. Beneath the rift, magma - molten rock - rises from the mantle. It oozes up into the gap and hardens into solid rock, forming new crust on the torn edges of the plates. Magma from the mantle solidifies into basalt, a dark, dense rock that underlies the ocean floor. Thus at divergent boundaries, oceanic crust, made of basalt, is created. 

When two plates come together, it is known as a convergent boundary. The impact of the two colliding plates buckles the edge of one or both plates up into a rugged mountain range, and sometimes bends the other down into a deep seafloor trench. A chain of volcanoes often forms parallel to the boundary, to the mountain range, and to the trench. Powerful earthquakes shake a wide area on both sides of the boundary. 

If one of the colliding plates is topped with oceanic crust, it is forced down into the mantle where it begins to melt. Magma rises into and through the other plate, solidifying into new crust. Magma formed from melting plates solidifies into granite, a light colored, low-density rock that makes up the continents. Thus at convergent boundaries, continental crust, made of granite, is created, and oceanic crust is destroyed.

Two plates sliding past each other forms a transform plate boundary. Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offset—split into pieces and carried in opposite directions. Rocks that line the boundary are pulverized as the plates grind along, creating a linear fault valley or undersea canyon. As the plates alternately jam and jump against each other, earthquakes rattle through a wide boundary zone. In contrast to convergent and divergent boundaries, no magma is formed. Thus, crust is cracked and broken at transform margins, but is not created or destroyed. 
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