Question

Name the three parts of cell reference of different spreadsheet file and also give an example?​

Answer 1

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A cell reference or cell address is a combination of a column letter and a row number that identifies a cell on a worksheet.

Relative cell reference in Excel

A relative reference is the one without the $ sign in the row and column coordinates, like A1 or A1:B10. By default, all cell addresses in Excel are relative.

When moved or copied across multiple cells, relative references change based on the relative position of rows and columns. So, if you want to repeat the same calculation across several columns or rows, you need to use relative cell references.

Absolute cell reference in Excel

An absolute reference is the one with the dollar sign ($) in the row or column coordinates, like $A$1 or $A$1:$B$10.

An absolute cell reference remains unchanged when filling other cells with the same formula. Absolute addresses are especially useful when you want to perform multiple calculations with a value in a specific cell or when you need to copy a formula to other cells without changing references.

Mixed cell reference

A mixed reference contains one relative and one absolute coordinate, like $A1 or A$1.

There may be many situations when only one coordinate, column or row, should be fixed.

For example, to multiply a column of numbers (column A) by 3 different numbers (B2, C2 and D2), you put the following formula in B3, and then copy it down and to the right: