Question

name the two types of flight musele and explain about it​

Answer 1

Answer:

Which of the following is not present in the cell of a bacteria

a. cell membrane

b. nuclear membrane

c. cytoplasm

d. none of these

Answer 2

Answer:

1. ndirect flight muscles (IFM): Power-producing muscles that move the wings indirectly by deformation of the thoracic exoskeleton (Crossley, 1978). The IFM consist of two perpendiculary oriented, antagonistic muscles: the dorsolongitudinal muscles (DLM) and dorsoventral muscles (DVM) (Figure 1a). The DLM extend nearly parallel to the long body axis while the DVM extend from the tergum to the sternum. DLM function as wing depressors (downstroke) and their contraction stretches the DVM, which in turn contract to elevate the wings (upstroke) and stretch the DLM.
2. Direct flight muscles (DFM): Muscles that act directly on the wing base. The power-producing muscles of primitive insects (e.g., Odonata) are directly attached to the base of the wings and their contractions bring about “direct” flapping of the wings. These muscles are also involved in rotation of the wings. In some insects (e.g., Orthoptera), the mesothoracic DVM are also used in walking. In insects with IFM (e.g., Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera), the “power” DVM (asynchronous and fibrillar) and the “steering” DFM (synchronous and tubular) are distinct muscle groups; the latter group produces low power and functions only as control muscles (Figures 1b and 5).

Explanation: