Name the varieties of coal. State one property each.
Answers
The four types of coal include peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite, with anthracite being most desirable due to its high heat content.
Peat is the first step in coal formation. Peat is composed of over 60% organic matter; typically, ferns and vegetation found in swamps or bogs. As a result of the high water content of this environment, peat contains a lot of water, which limits its heat content or the amount of energy it contains. It's a very soft brown coal.
Eventually over time, with increasing pressures and temperatures, peat is 'cooked' into coal's next stage, lignite. Lignite is a soft brown coal that still contains a high amount of water. Lignite has a higher heat content than peat but is still not the most desired form of coal.
However, lignite makes up almost half of our known coal reserves.
Bituminous coal is formed as more pressure is applied to lignite coal. The greater the pressure applied, the more water is expelled, which increases the amount of pure carbon present and increases the heat content of the coal. Bituminous coal is often classified as sub-bituminous or bituminous. The difference is that sub-bituminous is the transition stage from lignite to bituminous coal. Bituminous coal is widely used in the United States and across Europe.
Anthracite coal is a metamorphic rock and is considered the highest grade coal. It's hard and dark black in color. It has a very light weight when compared to other forms of coal, as there is very little water present in anthracite. As a result, anthracite has the highest heat content.
varieties of coal are :
1) peat
2) lignite
3) bituminous
4) anthracite
1) peat : has a higher moisture content and one of the region where it is found is Tamil nadu
2) lignite : has coal content more than that of lignite and reduced moisture content
3) bituminous : formed due to the increase in pressure at which it was formed.
4) anthracite : is the highest quality iron.
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