Question

Name the various types of onsite sewage disposal system

Answer 1

Domestic sewage, produced in urban residences, institutions, and businesses, is usually collected by pipes and conduits called sanitary sewers, which lead to a central discharge point. In rural residences domestic sewage is often collected in a septic tank on the property. Industrial wastes, which consist of liquids produced in manufacturing processes, are sometimes collected in sanitary sewers, but the nature of many industrial wastes may make it dangerous or difficult to do so. Often industries dispose of their own wastes. Storm sewage, which comes from rain and groundwater, is collected either in a storm sewer or, with domestic sewage and industrial wastes, in what is called a combined sewer.

Answer 2

There are numerous small foot-print sewage treatment systems which is what I assume you are asking about. Sewage disposal would be considered pumping from a septic tank and land applying with no treatment (which is still allowed in many states). Large communities of course have complex collection systems that deliver sanitary wastewater (or sewage) to large advanced treatment facilities.

For on-site treatment there are fixed film beds that spray the wastewater over various types of media i.e. foam cubes, plastic media, wood chips, etc. that allow for some treatment. There are RBCs (Rotating Biological Contactors) that have been employed in small on-site situations ( I have operated one for a trailer park for instance). Then the really good treatment systems like SBR’s (Sequencing Batch Reactors) give secondary treatment as well as any large scale facility.

There are many more that have been developed and are still being developed all the time, but these are the three most common I have come across that are not lagoons or traditional municipal treatment facilities