Name their associated glands of alimentary canal
Answers
The digestive glands associated with the alimentary canal include the salivary glands,the liver and the pancreas
Alimentary Canal and associated parts:
• The alimentary canal begins with the mouth, and ends with anus.
➢ Mouth(Teeth and Tongue)
• The mouth leads to the buccal cavity/Oral cavity. The oral cavity has a
number of teeth and a muscular tongue.
• Majority of mammals including human being forms two sets of teeth during
their life, a set of Temporary milk teeth/Deciduous teeth replaced by a set of
Permanent/Adult teeth.
• This type of dentition is called Diphyodont.
• An adult has 32 permanent teeth which are of four different types namely:
• Incisors, Canine, Premolars and Molars. Arrangement of teeth in each half of the upper and lower jaw in the order I, C, PM, M is represented by a dental formula which in human is 2123 + 2123.
➢Tongue:
The Tongue is a freely movable muscular organ attached to the floor of the oral cavity.
The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called papillae, some of which bear taste buds.
➢Stomach:
The stomach has four major parts –
1. Cardiac portion- into which the esophagus opens,
2. Fundus region
3. Body- main central region in the stomach and
4. Pyloric portion which opens into the first part of small intestine.
➢Small intestine:
Small intestine is divided into three regions:
1. a ‘C’ shaped duodenum,
2. a long coiled middle portion jejunum and a
3.highly coiled ileum.
→small finger-like foldings called villi present in the small intestine Ileum opens into the large intestine.
➢Villi:
• Villi are supplied with a network of small nurves which are path ways to the blood.
• All the four layers show modifications in different parts of the alimentary canal.
➢Large intestine/Colon:
• It consists of : caecum, colon and rectum.
•Caecum is a small blind sac which hosts some symbiotic micro-organisms.
• A narrow finger-like tubular projection, the vermiform appendix which is a vestigial organ, arises from the caecum and caecum opens into the colon.
• Colon is divided into four parts – an ascending, a transverse, descending part and a sigmoid colon.
• The descending part opens into the rectum which opens out through the anus.