Name three products of the chlor-alkali process. State two uses of each of these products.
(class 10 CBSE SAMPLE PAPER 2017-18 SCIENCE)
Answers
Uses of sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
1.It is used in the manufacturing of paper.
2.It is used for making soaps and detergents.
3.It is used for making rayon an artificial textile fibres.
Uses of chlorine(Cl):
1.It is used in the production of bleaching powder.
2. It is used in the production of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
3. It is used to make plastics(PVC), pesticides chlorofluorocarbon(CFCs), chloroform carbon tetrachloride , Paints e.t.c.
Uses of hydrogen (H):
1.It is used as a fuel for rockets.
2. It used to make Ammonia for fertilizers.
3. It is used in the hydrogenation of oils to obtain vegetable ghee.
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Answer:
When concentrated solution of sodium chloride is electrolysed it forms Chlorine gas, Sodium hydroxide and Hydrogengas. It is called chlor-alkali process because of the products formed- Chlor for chlorine gas and alkali for Sodium hydroxide. Chlorine is formed at anode and Hydrogen is formed at the cathode and Na(OH)2 is formed near the cathode.
The main products formed are: Chlorine and Sodium Hyroxide
Sodium hydroxide(Caustic Soda:
It is used for making soaps and detergents.
It is used for making artificial textile fibres(rayon)
It is used in the manufacture of paper.
It is also used for purifying bauxite ore from which aluminium metal is extracted.
It is used in oil refining, making dyes and bleaches.
Chlorine:
Chlorine is used to sterilize drinking water and in swimming poolsince it is a disinfectant.
It is used inthe production of bleaching powder and HCl.
It is also used to make plastics such as PVCs, Pesticides, Chlorofloroform, CFCs( Chloroflorocarbon), Carbon tetrachloride and paints.
It is used for making solvents for dry cleaning(trichloro ethane).
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