name two dynasties that came to an end at the end of the revolt of 1857
Answers
Explanation:
After the Indian soldiers finally surrendered on June 20, 1858, the British ended both the East India Company and the Mughal Empire.
Explanation:
After the Indian soldiers finally surrendered on June 20, 1858, the British ended both the East India Company and the Mughal Empire.
The East India Company
The British East India Company, which is also referred to as 'John Company,' was a joint-stock company. It received an English Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, favouring trade privileges in India. The Royal Charter effectively gave the newly created Honourable East India Company, a 21 year monopoly on all trade in the East Indies.
In 1617, the Company also received trade rights by the Mughal Emperor. About 100 years later, it was granted a royal dictate from the Emperor exempting the Company from the payment of custom duties in Bengal. This gave the Company a decided commercial advantage in the Indian trade.
Conquering India did not happen with a drop of the hat. Colonisation was not out of the blue but was slow but a steady process.
Indians did not accept alien rule passively. Unchecked colonial extraction of agricultural and forest wealth of India had led to rural poverty and the masses being reduced to a state of deprivation. The period between 1763 and 1856 saw numerous uprisings by peasants, tribal communities and princely states. Indians opposed colonisation and confronted the British many times. Some were sustained, others sporadic and a few were isolated acts of revolutionary resistance.
But everytime Britishers came out stronger. And one of the biggest reasons was the consensus with the domestic rulers. Indians never stood united against the British. The native leaders were inept and corrupt and proved to be 'the place' to apply 'Divide and Rule' policy.
The First War of Indian independence (1857)
south were under British East India Company. The British, in the meanwhile also strengthened their army. In 1857 the total number of soldiers in India was 260,000 amongst which just around 14 per cent (34,000) were European soldiers.
Beginning of First War of Independence
Religion, as ever, was utmost important to Indian masses. If the attempts to convert Hindus and Muslims into Christians was any less, then the British attempts to strengthen its army just blew the lid off.
The British introduced new Enfield rifle cartridges and gave it to the soldiers. These cartridges used by British-Indian Army was heavily greased with animal fat. Indian soldiers quickly learnt that the grease was a mixture of cow (sacred to Hindus) and pig (abhorrent to Muslims) fat.
The English men, women and children who fell into the hands of Nana Sahib were assured of safe conduct to Allahabad. However, the inhuman treatment meted out to the Indians at Allahabad and Banaras made the crowd angry, who retaliated by murdering British men, women and children. Many innocent lives were lost at 'Massacre Ghat' and 'Bibi ka Ghar' in Kanpur.
However, in June 1857, the British defeated Nana Sahib. Though Nana Sahib and Tantia Tope recaptured Kanpur in November 1857, but they could not hold it for long as General Campbell reoccupied it on 6th December 1857. Nana Sahib escaped to Nepal and his whereabouts afterwards were unknown. Tantia Tope escaped and joined the Rani of Jhansi.
Aftermath of First war of Independence
The 1857 rebellion, which began with the mutiny of Indian troops stationed near Delhi, had several chief results:
1.a year-long insurrection that changed attitudes, both British and Indian, towards British rule of India
2.dissolution of the British British East India Company
3.beginning of the British Raj, the period during which the U. K. directly ruled the Indian subcontinent
4.the end of the Mughal Empire after the British exiled Emperor Bahadur Shah to Burma
After the Indian soldiers finally surrendered on June 20, 1858, the British ended both the East India Company and the Mughal Empire. Deposed Emperor Bahadur Shah was sent to exile in Burma. The British Crown took over the administration of India. With the coming of the Raj, a British Governor General ruled India.