Name various plant hormones. Also give their physiological effects on plant growth and development
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pre board on 10
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Answers
Plant hormones :
Plant hormones are chemicals or molecules present in plants that cause certain changes in them and helps in adapting to the environment.
Types of plants hormones :
• Auxins:
It promotes root growth at very low concentrations. It promote apical dominance and inhibits abcission.
• Gibberellins:
It promotes cell enlargement, bolting of some rosette plants, leaf growth while it inhibits root initiation.
• Cytokinins:
It promotes cell division in apical meristem and cambium, it promotes fruit growth while it delays leaf senescence.
• Abscisic acid:
It generally plays an overall inhibitory role, notably during physiological stress. It promotes bud dormancy, seed dormancy and abcission.
• Ethylene:
It breaks seed dormancy and promotes fruit ripening.
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Explanation:
auxin - helps in the growth of the stem , also detects light and synthesis at the shoot tip ,helps in the growth of the cells to grow longer
cytokinins - promotes cell division and also helps in the cell division of fruits
abscisic acid - helps in the wilting of leaves