Question

Name various plant hormones. Also give their physiological effects on plant growth and development

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pre board on 10

five marks answer

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Answer 1

Plant hormones :

Plant hormones are chemicals or molecules present in plants that cause certain changes in them and helps in adapting to the environment.

Types of plants hormones :

• Auxins:

It promotes root growth at very low concentrations. It promote apical dominance and inhibits abcission.

• Gibberellins:

It promotes cell enlargement, bolting of some rosette plants, leaf growth while it inhibits root initiation.

• Cytokinins:

It promotes cell division in apical meristem and cambium, it promotes fruit growth while it delays leaf senescence.

• Abscisic acid:

It generally plays an overall inhibitory role, notably during physiological stress. It promotes bud dormancy, seed dormancy and abcission.

• Ethylene:

It breaks seed dormancy and promotes fruit ripening.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

auxin - helps in the growth of the stem , also detects light and synthesis at the shoot tip ,helps in the growth of the cells to grow longer

cytokinins - promotes cell division and also helps in the cell division of fruits

abscisic acid - helps in the wilting of leaves