National development ismeasured by
Answers
Answer: mark as the brainliest and hit the five stars
Explanation:1. Economic Development: As I have already mentioned that in terms of economic indicators the poor in India has not been doing well. In terms of growth, their income is growing at a slower pace than the national average. The income share of the top 20% in the national income grew from 40% to 43% in 2010 implying that the growth of income of the bottom 80% is much much lower than the GDP growth rate. Bottom line is inequality is growing. [2] That would not have been a big cause of alarm if the poor in India had not been in such a desperate situation in the first place.
2. Human Development: Although we have made significant improvement in reducing illiteracy, the gross enrollment ratio in higher education is still extremely poor at 13% compared with 25% and more for any developed country.[3] So it is not enough just to send every kids to the primary school, we are still a long way off from ensuring that at least every kid gets to complete high school.
Another more worrying aspect is the situation of food intake. India already has almost 40% of all the undernourished children in the world which is whopping statistic. On top of that calorie intake of the poor is actually falling! [4]. Hard to believe isn't it? But it is true.
3. Social Development: Now let us come to the issue of social development. Two of the greatest social evils that India faces are discrimination on the basis of caste and gender. I think it is impossible to de-link these issues from the overall economic development and human development. However, caste discrimination and violence against deprived castes do not seem to be declining [5]. Similar is the case of violence and harassment against women. However, one may claim that reporting of crime has become better and statistics are not true representation. While this might be the case the fact remains that the economic condition of the deprived castes and women remain rampant with lower representation in white collar jobs or government offices and lower wage rates. There is extensive literature which prove a positive relationship between economic deprivation and other forms of discrimination as economic backwardness make people vulnerable to other forms of bigotry.