Question

'Native land ' in the last line of stanza 1 refers to ; a) Africa b) The slave's native place c) The place where the slave is d) an ancient land

Answer 1

Answer:

Slavery in India was an established institution in ancient India by the start of the common era, or likely earlier.[1] However, its study in ancient times is problematic and contested because it depends on the translations of terms such as dasa and dasyu.[1][2] Slavery was banned in the Mauryan Empire.[3]

Slavery in India escalated during the Muslim domination of northern India after the 11th-century, after Muslim rulers re-introduced slavery to the Indian subcontinent.[1] It became a predominant social institution with the enslavement of Hindus, along with the use of slaves in armies for conquest, long since a vital tradition in all Muslim kingdoms.[4][5] According to Muslim historians of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire era, after the invasions of Hindu kingdoms Indians were taken as slaves, with many exported to Central Asia and West Asia.[6][7] Many slaves from the Horn of Africa were also imported into the Indian subcontinent to serve in the households of the powerful or the Muslim armies of the Deccan Sultanates and the Mughal Empire.[8][9][10]

Slavery in India continued through the 18th- and 19th-century. During colonial times Indians were taken into different parts of the world as slaves by the British East India Company,[10] and the British Empire.[11] Over a million indentured labourers also called girmitiyas from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Malabar were taken as slave labourers to European colonies of British, Dutch, Portuguese in Fiji, South Africa, and Trinidad & Tobago.[12][13] The Portuguese imported African slaves into their Indian colonies on the Konkan coast between about 1530 and 1740.[14][15] Slavery was abolished in the possessions of the East India Company by the Indian Slavery Act, 1843.[16][17][18][19]