nature of rights??? in about 100 words
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Explanation:
Natural rights are rights that believe it is important for all humans and animals to have out of (natural law.) These rights are often viewed as inalienable, meaning they can almost never be taken away. The concept of what are natural rights has varied throughout history. the Americans thought the British were being very unfair. So they created the natural law and the declaration of independence. Then after the declaration was written they created the united states and became a country.
The idea first came up in ancient times but was discussed most famously by English philosopher John Locke in the 1600's. Locke said that the most important natural rights are "Life, Liberty, and Property". In the United States Declaration of Independence, the natural rights mentioned are "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness". The idea was also found in the Declaration of the Rights of Man. It is viewed by Locke, Jefferson, and others that the purpose of government is to protect peoples' natural rights through a social contract (an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits). There have been many times in history that natural rights have been breached by both governments and singular people.
Answer:
The rights of human beings or the rights of the individuals have long been a subject of political theory. If we look at the history of western political thought we shall find that in ancient Greek city-states the rights as such had no existence.
But the ruling class and upper classes of the city-states were not unaware of rights and this is manifest from the concept of citizenship. In the city-states only a handful of persons were fortunate to be citizens and they enjoyed certain privileges which were rights. The vast majority of the population were not citizens and had no rights.
The concept of rights first appeared in the theory of natural law which existed in the state of nature. In the state of nature people enjoyed certain rights sanctioned by natural law. The natural law, in fact, ruled the society and nobody had any power to violate the natural rights and natural law. It was also maintained that both natural law and natural rights were based on morality.
In other words, both were moral order. Any human authority, what we now calls state or government, had no power to curtail the natural rights or interfere with the natural law. In this way concept of rights came to be associated with political theory because state or government was the part of politics.
The social contract theory makes a distinct contribution to making rights as part of political theory. It was assumed that the people of the state of nature, by virtue of the prevalence of natural law, enjoyed natural rights. But due to certain unavoidable circumstances (the control of which was beyond their ability) they could not make proper utilisation of these rights.
A decision was taken that a civil authority was to be set up whose, inter alia, function would be to take steps for the protection of the natural rights. This approach received further importance in the hands of Locke who assumed that rights were to be viewed in the context of civil society. The main function of the authority of civil society is to protect the rights.
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