Question

ncert solution of chapter climate of class 9 social science

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Question 4. Give reasons as to why.
(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
Answer : Seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian subcontinent takes place due to
pressure differential. There is a phenomenon in which a warm ocean current flows past
Peruvian coast in place of cold Peruvian current known as El Nino. El Nino has a major role
to play in the seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian subcontinent.
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
Answer : In summer, a low pressure area develops over interior Asia as well as over north
western India.
(a) This causes a complete reversal of the direction of winds during summer. Air moves from
the high pressure area over the southern Indian ocean, crosses the equator and turns right
towards the low pressure areas over the Indian subcontinent.
(b) These are known as the south-west monsoon winds.
(c) These winds blow over warm oceans, gather moisture and bring widespread rainfall over
the mainland of India.
(d) The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid September.
Thus, we can say that rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
Answer : During the winter season, -the north-west trade winds prevail over the country.
They blow from land to sea and hence for most part of the country it is a dry season.The
Tami Nadu coast receives winter rainfall because of movement of low-pressure conditions to
the Bay of Bengal. Thus, the retreating monsoon gets confronted by the cyclones and
depression in the Bay of Bengal and causes rainfall in Tamil Nadu during winters.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
Answer : The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones because the
cyclonic depressions which originate over the Andaman Sea generally cross the Eastern
coasts of India and cause heavy and widespread rain.
(a) These cyclones are often very destructive. The thickly populated deltas of the Godavari,
the Krishna and the Kaveri are frequently struck by cyclones which cause great damage to
life and property.
(b) Sometimes these cyclones arrive at the coasts of Odisha, West Bangal and Bangladesh.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-
prone.
Answer : Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought
prone because they receive scanty rainfall. Even during the monsoon months the monsoon
winds when rising over the Western Ghats give rain to that area. By the time they reach
Rajasthan and Gujarat there is very less moisture left in these winds and so these areas are
drought prone.
Question 5. Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the
help of suitable examples.
Answer : There is regional variation in the climatic conditions of India. Temperature and
Precipitation vary from place to place and season to season.
i) Temperature differentials- In summers the temperature rises up to 50°C in parts of
Rajasthan, whereas it may be around 20°C in Pahalgam in Kashmir.
→ In winters, night temperature in Drass in Kashmir may be minus 45°C, whereas
Tiruvanantapuram in Kerala may have a temperature of 20°C.
→ In Andaman and Nicobar Islands the difference between day and night temperature may
be hardly 7° to 8°C.
ii) Seasonal Contrasts- Coastal areas experience less contrast in the temperature, whereas
seasonal contrasts are more in the interior of the country.
iii) Rainfall variations- There is decrease in rainfall generally from east to west in the
northern plains.
→ Most part of India get rainfall from June – September, whereas Coromandel Coast gets
rainfall in winter season.

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