Needs and wants are the source of motivation. How do you think health care professionals can help patients at each level of Maslow's hierarchy? Give illustration.
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Needs and wants are the source of motivation. How do you think health care professionals can help patients at each level of Maslow's hierarchy? Give illustration.
Maslow first introduced his concept of a hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" and his subsequent book Motivation and Personality. This hierarchy suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs.
While some of the existing schools of thought at the time (such as psychoanalysis and behaviorism) tended to focus on problematic behaviors, Maslow was much more interested in learning about what makes people happy and the things that they do to achieve that aim.
As a humanist, Maslow believed that people have an inborn desire to be self-actualized, that is, to be all they can be. In order to achieve these ultimate goals, however, a number of more basic needs must be met such as the need for food, safety, love, and self-esteem.1
There are five different levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Let's take a closer look at Maslow’s needs starting at the lowest level, known as physiological needs.
While the theory is generally portrayed as a fairly rigid hierarchy, Maslow noted that the order in which these needs are fulfilled does not always follow this standard progression. For example, he noted that for some individuals, the need for self-esteem is more important than the need for love. For others, the need for creative fulfillment may supersede even the most basic needs.
The basic physiological needs are probably fairly apparent—these include the things that are vital to our survival. Some examples of physiological needs include:
Food
Water
Breathing
Homeostasis
In addition to the basic requirements of nutrition, air and temperature regulation
People want control and order in their lives. So, this need for safety and security contributes largely to behaviors at this level. Some of the basic security and safety needs include:
Financial security
Heath and wellness
Safety against accidents and injury
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