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who was the most remarkable person of the East India Company in pave the way
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about his strategies to lay the foundation stone of the British Empire
Write the causes for the outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny
Mention four important results of the Sepoy Mutiny,
Mention four administrative changes brought through the 'Govt. of India Act
Write about two main reforms of Lord Canning
Write iwo merits and two dements of the Indian Councils Act
Discuss the changes occurred through the local self-goverment during the Banish
period
How were the Indians included in the civil services? Discuss the growth of these
services,
Mention three differences of the civil service of British
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Answers
Answer:
An Act of Parliament in 1858 transferred the power to govern from the East India Company to the British Crown.
While authority over India had previously been wielded by the Directors of the Company and the Board of Control, now this power was to be exercised by a Secretary of State for India aided by a Council.
The Secretary of State was a member of the British Cabinet and as such was responsible to Parliament. Thus the ultimate power over India remained with British Parliament.
By 1869, the Council was completely subordinated to the Secretary of State. Most of the members of the India Council were retired British-Indian officials.
Under the Act, a government was to be carried on as before by the Governor-General who was also given the title of Viceroy or Crown's personal representative.
Viceroy was paid two and a half lakhs of rupees a year in addition to his other allowances.
With the passage of time, the Viceroy was increasingly reduced to a subordinate status in relation to the British Government in matters of policy as well as the execution of policy.
As a result of the Regulating Act, Pitt's India Act, and the later Charter Acts the Government of India was being effectively controlled from London.
Instructions from London took a few weeks to arrive and the Government of India had often to take important policy decisions in a hurry. Control by the authorities in London was therefore often more in the nature of post facto evaluation and criticism than of actual direction.