Question

Negative hydration enthalpy is highest for
Cu2+
Fe2+
Mn2+
V2+​

Answer 1

Answer:

i think it is V2+

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Answer 2

Option A : Copper ion i.e. $Cu^{2+}$ will have the highest negative hydration enthalpy.

Hydration Enthalpy :

• It is measured as the amount of energy released when one mole of ions undergoes hydration.
• Thus, it denotes the change in enthalpy under a standard 1 bar pressure when one mole of gaseous ion dissolves a sufficient amount of water forming an infinitely dilute solution.
• Hydration Enthalpy or energy is always negative as the energy is released i.e. exothermic.

Variation in Hydration Enthalpy :

• The value of the hydration enthalpy is determined by the attraction between the water molecules and the ions.
• Ions that are smaller i.e. with a small ionic radius have more negative hydration enthalpy
• Thus, along a period from left to right the ionic radius decreases, and the hydration enthalpy increases.

Order of Ionic Radius : $V^{2+} > Mn^{2+} > Fe^{2+} > Cu^{2+}$

Order of Hydration Enthalpy : $V^{2+} < Mn^{2+} < Fe^{2+} < Cu^{2+}$

Hence, the smallest ion i.e. Cu will have the highest negative hydration enthalpy.

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