Question

Nerve cell is also known as _______is the smallest functional unit of nervous system.​

Answer 1

Answєr :

Nerve cell is also known as Neuron is the smallest functional unit of nervous system.

• What is a Neuron ?

→ Neurons (also called neurones or nerve cells) are the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, the cells responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to our muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between.

• Types of neurons ↓

• Sensory neurons.

• Motor neurons.

• Interneurons.

• Neurons in the brain.

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Answer 2

Nerve cell is also known as $\underline{\red{\bold{Nueron}}}$, is the smallest functional unit of nervous system.

Know More :-

The three main part of neuron are.

$\underline\purple{\bold{ Cell \: body:-}}$

• Cell body is also known as perikaryon or cyton.
• It contains a large nuclei, with granular cytoplasm and have all cell organelles except centrosome which implies they don't divide or increase in number.

$\underline\purple{ \bold{Dendrites:-}}$

• Dendrites are branches or projection of cell body.They convey nerve impulses to cyton.

$\underline\purple{ \bold{ Axon:-}}$

• It continues from cell body and longest part of neuron.
• Its surrounded by insulating white sheath myelin which is further covered with thin sheet neurilemma. The gaps between myelin sheath are called $\bold{Nodes \: of \: ranvier .}$
• Axons are close but are not connected these gaps are called synaptic clefts.

$\underline\red{ \bold{Direction \: of \: impulses:- }}$

• The dendrites receives impulses which might have passes to it by near by neuron.
• The axon transits the impulse through out its length.
• When the impulse reaches to axon ending, a chemical acetylcholine is released, which makes synapse ready for the impulse to jump and to reach the dendrite of other neuron.