Question

NES as a successor/ supplementation of CDP was conceptualized as a

Answer 1

Answer:

The Community Development Programme (CDP) was the first major rural development programme launched after independence in 2nd October 1952.

It constitutes the first organised effort at rural reconstruction. The CDP was conceived as an instrument to transform the social and economic life of the village community as a whole cutting across caste, religious and economic differences.

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Initially, it covered 55 projects with a wide range of programmes for developing agriculture, animal husbandry, rural industries, education, housing, rural communication etc. It was, however, soon realised that covering the entire country under CDP was not possible due to shortage of funds and personnel.

The National Extension Service (NES) was launched in October 1953 with a reduced number of personnel and more modest financial provision, so that development work could proceed on the basis of self-help efforts. The NES was initially launched for a period of three years, with the provision of 4.5 lakhs, per block with stress on agriculture, animal husbandry, rural communication and social education schemes.

After three years, the blocks covered under NES were to be converted into CDP blocks with the provision of 15 Iakhs for three years for more intensive development work in agriculture and other activities such as co-operation, health and sanitation, rural industries, housing etc.

It was presumed that the blocks covered in the first two phases would have attained the desired self-sufficiency and therefore, the quantum of special government grants could be reduced. The major contribution in financial and technical assistance came from the United States of America under a scheme of technical co-operation.

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Funds were also drawn from the central and state governments to meet the local expenditure on the implementation of the CDP.

The only difference between the CDP and NES was that the CDP was a more intensive programme than the NES. Both these schemes virtually worked hand in hand. CDP was a programme which sought to change the economic, social and cultural life of the rural population and to transform the stagnant villages into progressive rural communities.

Aims and Objectives of CDP:

The main aims and objectives of CDP are as follows:

1. CDP intended to promote rural welfare through the improvement of education, public health and sanitation, medical facilities, housing, drinking water, hospitals, community centres and sports and cultural activities.

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2. To secure total development of the material and human resources in rural areas.

3. To develop local leadership and self-governing institutions.

4. To raise the living standards of the rural poor by means of rapid increase in food and agricultural produce.

5. To ensure a change in the mind set of people instilling in them a mission for higher standards.

Answer 2

NES as a successor/ supplementation of CDP was conceptualized as a process method strategy system

Explanation:

• In the aftermath of independence on 2 October 1952, the Community Development Program (CDP) was established as the first key rural development program.   It represents the first organised effort to rebuild rural areas. The CDP was designed to modify the village society's "social & economic" life in a way that cuts across religion, caste, & economic differences.
• In October 1953 the National Extension Service (NES) was introduced with less employees & more limited support, in order to allow self-help growth to begin. The blocks covered in the NES have been transformed into CDP blocks after three years and have been provided with 15 Iakhs for three years to further improve "agriculture & other activities" like collaboration, sanitisation, health, agricultural, housing, and so on.
• The main distinction is that the CDP is a more complex than the NES plan. All of these structures worked essentially together. The CDP was a programme which aimed to turn rural populations from the traditional villages into progressive rural communities, to change their economic , social and cultural lives.

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