newman's projection of cycloheptane and cyclooctane
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olecule of butane in syn-clinal (-sc) conformation
Sawhorse projection butane -sc.png Newman projection butane -sc.svg Butane-negative-gauche-side-3D-balls.png
Sawhorse
projection Newman
projection 3D structure
A Newman projection, useful in alkane stereochemistry, visualizes the conformation of a chemical bond from front to back, with the front atom represented by a dot and the back carbon as a circle. The front carbon atom is called proximal, while the back atom is called distal. This type of representation clearly illustrates the specific dihedral angle between the proximal and distal atoms.[1]
This diagram style is an alternative to a sawhorse projection, which views a carbon-carbon bond from an oblique angle, or a wedge-and-dash style, such as a Natta projection. These other styles can indicate the bonding and stereochemistry, but not as much conformational detail.
This projection i