Question

NH₄ClO₄ + HNO₃(dil.) → HClO₄ + [X]
[X] □(→┴∆ ) Y(g)
[X] and [Y] are respectively –
(a) NH₄NO₃ & N₂O (b) NH₄NO₂ & N₂
(c) HNO₄ & O₂ (d) None of these

Answer 1

Explanation:

NH₄ClO₄ + HNO₃(dil.) → HClO₄ + [X]

[X] □(→┴∆ ) Y(g)

[X] and [Y] are respectively –

(a) NH₄NO₃ & N₂O

(b) NH₄NO₂ & N₂

(c) HNO₄ & O₂

(d) None of these

Answer 2

In the given reactions, compounds [X] and [Y] are NH₄NO₃ & N₂O respectively. Hence, option (a) is correct.

• NH₄ClO₄ + HNO₃ (dil.) → HClO₄ + NH₄NO₃ [X]

This is a double displacement reaction in which the reactants exchange their bonds and form new products.

• Ammonium perchlorate (NH₄ClO₄)  reacts with dilute nitric acid to give ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) and perchloric acid (HClO₄).

• In this reaction, the bond between ammonium ion and perchlorate ion, and that between hydrogen ion and nitrate ion breaks. Ammonium ion, then, exchanges its bond with nitrate ion, and hydrogen ion exchanges its bond with perchlorate ion, resulting in the formation of ammonium nitrate and perchloric acid.

• Further, on subjecting compound X, i.e., ammonium nitrate to heat, the compound decomposes to give its constituent smaller compounds, nitrous oxide and water vapour.

NH₄NO₃ + ∆ → N₂O +  2H₂O

Therefore, the compound Y is nitrous oxide (N₂O).