Question

Nitration of benzanamine gives ortho, meta and para product as 2%, 47%
and 51% respectively. Use of acetic anhydride during nitration gives only ortho
and para product. Explain why?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Aniline has a substituent group that is activating and electron-donating, giving ortho- and para-nitrated aniline. Except when the reaction happens in an acidic environment. In an acidic environment, the amino group in aniline gets protonated and the substituent now is deactivating and electron-withdrawing, giving meta-nitrated aniline instead, and hence the low yield of ortho- and i suppose also low yield of meta-nitrated aniline.

Explanation:

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