Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 20.95% Carbon dioxide (0.03%) Noble gases (0.9%) Fig. 4.2 Composition of clean air by volume Study the pie-chart in Fig. 4.2. a. What are the main gases which make up clean air? b. Which of the gases, including water vapour, are elements? Which are compounds? c. Which gas is present in the greatest amount in clean, dry air? d. Which gas is present in the least amount in clean, dry air?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
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Qa) Clean, dry air consists primarily of nitrogen and oxygen—78 percent and 21 percent respectively, by volume. The remaining 1 percent is a mixture of other gases, mostly argon (0.9 percent), along with trace (very small) amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen, helium, and more.
Qb) The air in the atmosphere consists of nitrogen, oxygen, which is the life-sustaining substance for animals and humans, carbon dioxide, water vapour and small amounts of other elements (argon, neon, etc.). Higher in the atmosphere air also contains ozone, helium and hydrogen.
Qc) By far, the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen, which accounts for about 78% of the mass of dry air. Oxygen is the next most abundant gas, present at levels of 20 to 21%.
Qd) By mole fraction (i.e., by number of molecules), dry air contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases
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