Question

Nitrogen and oxygen exist as diatomic bit their congeners are P4 and S8 respectively because:​

Answer 1

Nitrogen is the anomaly, along with oxygen, because first row elements can form stable π bonds.

Sulfur is isoelectronic to oxygen, just as phosphorus is to nitrogen. But sulfur and phosphorus cannot form stable π bonds to themselves, and so they exist as single bonded allotropes. S2 and even P2 exist, but only transiently because they are quite unstable with respect to single bonded forms.

Phosphorus can form a P4 white phosphorus tetrahedron because it can form three bonds, while sulfur can only form two bonds. Therefore sulfur forms rings and chains only.

Atomicity of sulphur is 8 where as that of phosphorus is 4

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