Question

Nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule. Whereas phosphorus exists a tetra atomic molecule. Explain?

Answer 1

To become stable, two or more atoms combine to form a molecule. Nitrogen Molecule contains two atoms, hence it is diatomic. Whereas, Phosphorus Molecule contains four atoms, hence it is tetra-atomic

Answer 2

Answer:

Nitrogen owing to its small size has a tendency to form pπ−pπ multiple bonds with itself.Nitrogen thus forms a very stable diatomic molecule, N 2. On moving down a group, the tendency to form pπ−pπ bonds decreases (because of the large size of heavier elements). Therefore, phosphorus (like other heavier metals) exists in the P 4 state.