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Answer:
2).
1. By using lubricants: friction increases as the roughness of the surface increases. Lubricants fill the fine pores and gaps between contact surfaces and reduces friction
2. Polishing surfaces: It makes the surfaces even and hence reduces friction
3. By using ball bearings: Rotating machines can be mounted on ball bearings. Rolling friction is lesser than sliding friction
3).
Switch From AC to DC
If the circuit is powered by alternating current, another possibility is to switch to direct current of the same voltage. The reason that a direct current is superior is because an alternating current switches the magnetic polarity of the magnet before it has time to build full strength.
Increase Voltage
the number of turns of coiled con ductor
∙
the strength of current
∙
the area of cross section of the soft iron placed inside the coil.