Non-profit organisations play an active role in providing a boost to the
traditional cottage industries. Do you agree? Why?
Answers
Nonprofits play an important and increasing role in providing opportunities for physical activities through park development and recreation programs. Total expenditure and government contributions to the sector have both increased over the past two decades. However, the level of nonprofit activity is correlated with the distribution of public funds and local fiscal capacity, limiting their ability to address regional inequities. Wealthier cities, where needs tend to be lower, have a significantly more active nonprofit parks and recreation sector. In contrast, many of the poorest cities have no or few active nonprofit organizations that promote park development or recreational activities.
Nonprofits involved in park or facilities development are more likely to engage in partnership with state and local governments and receive significant funding from the latter. In contrast, recreation program nonprofits have very limited relationships with governments, are primarily financed by memberships, fees, and private contributions, and serve specific populations. As such, they reflect current trends in municipal service privatization. Thus, while promising public-private partnerships have emerged in developing an active built environment, the operation and maintenance of these facilities remains problematic, with signs of increased privatization. To the extent that devolution to the nonprofit sector leads to privatization, the nonprofit sector is unlikely to be able to reduce existing disparities in access to parks and recreational opportunities.
Conclusions:
The nonprofit sector has become a key player in providing opportunities for active living and advocating for healthier environments. This development has been in part prompted by the devolution of state responsibility, which has increased the burden of local agencies. In some cases, this has resulted in opportunities for new partnerships between local governments and community actors. In other cases, however, this has lead to a privatization of public services. The latter is likely to reproduce or increase deprivation of recreational opportunities in low-income neighborhoods. Policy implications, in particular with regard to the allocation of public funds to nonprofits, are discussed.
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Answer:
Nonprofits play an important and increasing role in providing opportunities for physical activities through park development and recreation programs. Total expenditure and government contributions to the sector have both increased over the past two decades.