Question

notes of chapter wrok and energy​

Answer 1

Answer:

Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Its unit is the same as that of work.

SI unit of energy or work = Joule (Nm) or Kgm2s−2.

Energy has different forms: Light, heat, chemical, electrical or mechanical.

Mechanical energy is the sum of:

(i) Kinetic energy (K.E)

(ii) Potential energy (P.E)

Kinetic Energy

Objects in motion possess energy and can do work. This energy is called Kinetic Energy.

F = ma.

Also W = F.s

⇒ From the 2nd equation of motion v2−u2=2as,

⇒ we get s = v2−u22a ⇒ Substituting equation for work done by a moving body,

⇒ we get W =m.a * v2−u22a

Or

⇒ Kinetic Energy = K.E= 12 mv2 (taking initial velocity u=0)

When two identical bodies are in motion, the body with a higher velocity has more K.E.

Factors affecting kinetic energy

Mass

Velocity

Momentum.

Potential Energy

Energy can get stored in an object when work is done on it.

For example, stretching a rubber string. The energy that is possessed by a body by virtue of its configuration or change in position is known as Potential Energy.

Types of Potential Energy.

The potential energy of an object at a height.

When an object is raised to a certain height, work is done against gravity to change its position. This energy is stored as Potential Energy.

⇒W = F.s

⇒F = ma

In the case of increasing the height, F = mg

Therefore W (P.E) = mgh

Law of Conservation of Energy

Law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another. The total energy before and after the transformation remains constant.

Total energy = KE + PE

For example: consider a ball falling freely from a height. At height h, it has only PE = mgh.

By the time it is about to hit the ground, it has a velocity and therefore has KE= 12 mv2. Therefore, energy gets transferred from PE to KE, while the total energy remains the same.

Power

The rate of doing work or the rate of transfer of energy is called power. It is denoted by P

⇒ P = Wt

SI unit is Watt (Js−1).

Average power = Total energy consumed/Total time taken

The commercial unit of power is kWh i.e. energy used in 1 hour at 1000 Joules/second.

1kWh=3.6×106J

Hope it helps....!

Follow me Plzz...!