Question

notes of democracy in the contemporary world on 9 class

Answer 1

Topics in the Chapter • Struggle for Democracy • Two Tales of Democracy → Military Coup of 1973 → Restoration of Democracy → Democracy in Poland → Two Features of Democracy • The Changing Map of Democracy • Phases in the Expansion of Democracy → The Beginning → End of Colonialism → Recent Phase • Democracy at the Global Level? → International Organisations → Are these decisions democratic? → Democracy Promotion Struggle for Democracy • The expansion of democracy has not been smooth and straight. There were several ups and downs in different countries. It still remains an unstable and uncertain achievement. Two Tales of Democracy Democracy in Chile • Chile is a country in South America. • Salvador Allende was the founder leader of the Socialist Party of Chile who won the presidential election in 1970. • After being President, He adopted several policies to help poor and the workers which included: → reform of the educational system → free milk for children and redistribution of land to the landless farmers → opposing foreign companies that are taking away natural resources like copper from the country. • But, the policies were opposed by landlords, the rich and the church and also by some other political parties. • His government was overthrown by the military on 11 September 1973. Military Coup of 1973 • On the morning of 11 September 1973, the military took over the seaport and arrested Defence Minister when he arrived at his office. • The military commanders asked President Allende to resign but he refused to resign or leave the country. → Then the military surrounded the President’s house and started bombing it. President Allende died in the military attack. • The military coup was led by General Augusto Pinochet, an Army general. → The government of the United States of America was unhappy with Allende’s rule and is known to have supported and funded activities that led to the coup. • Pinochet became the President of the country and ruled it for the next 17 years. • From a democratic government, a military dictatorship was established in Chile. → Pinochet’s government tortured and killed several of those who supported Allende and those who wanted democracy to be restored. Restoration of Democracy • Pinochet hold a referendum in 1988 as he felt confident that in this referendum, the people would say ‘yes’ to his continuing in power. → But the people of Chile say 'no' to Pinochet and his military dictatorship ended. → Political freedom in Chile restored. • Slowly, the army’s role in the country’s government has been eliminated. • The elected government that came to power ordered inquiries that showed that his government was not only very brutal, but also very corrupt. • In January 2006, Michelle Bachelet, daughter of President Allende was elected President of Chile. → In the presidential elections, she defeated one of Chile’s richest men. Democracy in Poland • In 1980, Poland was ruled by the Polish United Workers’ Party, a communist party. → In the country, no other political party was allowed to function. → The people could not freely choose the leaders and those who spoke against the leaders or the party or the government were put in prison. • The government in Poland was supported and controlled by the government of the Soviet Union (USSR), a vast and powerful communist state.

Answer 2

Answer:

two futures of democracy

Explanation:

* democracy is a form of Government that allows people to choose their rulers.

* two futures of democracy are

* only leaders elected by people should rule the country.

people have the freedom to express views freedom to organise and freedom to protest

the changing map of democracy

*democracy has extended throughout the twentieth.

*democracy did not spread evenly in all part of the world.

*while a majority of country are democratic today, there are still large part of world that are not democracy.

phase in the explanation of democracy.

the beginning.

*the French revolution of 1789 did not establish a secure and stable democry in France.

*through the 18th and the 19th century centuries, series of political events reduced the power of monarchy and fundal lords.

*in 1776 the British colonies in North America declared themselves independent and came together to form the United State of America.

*the national struggling for democracy wanted voting rights granted universally to all adults - or women Rich or poor white or black called universal adult franchise or universal suffrage.

*early democracy was established in Europe, North America and Latin America.

end of colonialism.

*many countries become democracy immediately after the end of the second world war in 1945.

*Ghana , a country in West Africa used to be a British colony named gold coast.

*it become independent in 1957.

*it was among the first country in Africa to gain independence and inspired other African country to struggle for freedom.

* Nkrumah who was active in the independence struggles of his country became the first prime minister and then the president of Ghana.

*he got himself elected on soon after, in 1966 ,he was overthrown by the military.

recent phase.

*after 1988 democratic started spreading more quickly.

*the disintegration of the solvent union in 1919 accelerated this process the solviet union comparused the 15 republic which emerged as independent countries and most of them become democracies.