Question

notes of POVERTY AS A CHALLENGE ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Poverty as a Challenge

Poverty means hunger and lack of shelter.

It also is a situation in which parents are not able to send their children to school or a situation where sick people cannot afford treatment for their health, lack of clean water and sanitation facilities etc.Social scientists measure poverty using many indicators like the levels of income and consumption, illiteracy level, lack of general resistance due to malnutrition, lack of access to healthcare, lack of job opportunities,and so on.

Due to poverty poor people are barred from enjoying certain basic facilities, benefits and opportunities that the rich enjoy. The cause of poverty in India can be due to minimum level of food, clothing, footwear, fuel and light, educational and medical requirements.

The present formula for food requirement while estimating the poverty line is based on the desired calorie requirement.Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe are most vulnerable to poverty, among social groups.Rural agricultural labour households and urban casual labour households are also most vulnerable among the economic groups.In fast developing countries the rapid economic growth and huge investments in human resource development were made in China and other Southeast Asian countries that witnessed substantial decline in poverty.In India, poverty propagated due to failure of economic growth and population control.The present strategy for eliminating poverty is based on promotion of economic growth and targeted anti-poverty programmes.Some significant anti-poverty programmes are:

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005

Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)

Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) etc.Improvements would result from economic growth, universal free elementary education, declining population growth, increasing empowerment of women and economically weaker sections of society.

Poverty would be eradicated only when challenges like low income, inadequate healthcare, education and job security and gender disparity and disrespect for the poor are overcome.

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Answer 2

It is based on the income or consumption level. A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given 'minimum level' necessary to satisfy basic needs. Poverty line varies with time place. For the year 2009-10, the poverty line for a person was fixed at Rs.