notes on polymers , types of polymer
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Plastics and natural materials such as rubber or cellulose are composed of very large molecules called polymers. Polymers are constructed from relatively small molecular fragments known as monomers that are joined together.
Wool, cotton, silk, wood and leather are examples of natural polymers that have been known and used since ancient times. This group includes biopolymers such as proteins and carbohydrates that are constituents of all living organisms.
Synthetic polymers, which includes the large group known as plastics, came into prominence in the early twentieth century. Chemists' ability to engineer them to yield a desired set of properties (strength, stiffness, density, heat resistance, electrical conductivity) has greatly expanded the many roles they play in the modern industrial economy.
This chapter will deal mostly with synthetic polymers, but will include a synopsis of some of the more important natural polymers. It will close with a summary of some of the very significant environmental problems created by the wide use of plastics.Polymer:“A polymer is defined as a macromolecule formedby the repeated combination of several simplemolecules (Monomers) through covalent bonds
Wool, cotton, silk, wood and leather are examples of natural polymers that have been known and used since ancient times. This group includes biopolymers such as proteins and carbohydrates that are constituents of all living organisms.
Synthetic polymers, which includes the large group known as plastics, came into prominence in the early twentieth century. Chemists' ability to engineer them to yield a desired set of properties (strength, stiffness, density, heat resistance, electrical conductivity) has greatly expanded the many roles they play in the modern industrial economy.
This chapter will deal mostly with synthetic polymers, but will include a synopsis of some of the more important natural polymers. It will close with a summary of some of the very significant environmental problems created by the wide use of plastics.Polymer:“A polymer is defined as a macromolecule formedby the repeated combination of several simplemolecules (Monomers) through covalent bonds
natural sources such as plants and animal. Example-
Cellulose, Starch, Protein, Cotton, Silk, Wool,
Glycogen, etc.
Synthetic polymers- are those which are
synthesized from simple molecule. Example-
Polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, PVC, Nylon, etc.
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A polymer is any chemical entity consisting of “infinite” number of monomers. In order to qualify as a monomer, the chemical must be able to react with itself repeatedly and form a long chain of repeating units, say A-A-A-A-A…… Or the chemical can react with another repeatedly and form a chain of A-B-A-B…. In this case the repeating unit is A-B. These are linear polymers and can be processed by melting and belong to a class known as thermoplastics.
In the case of monomers with three reactive sites, a non-linear polymer can be formed and these are called thermosetting polymers. In the presence of heat, this class of material can soften but will not melt.
All the plastics materials that play an important role in the quality of our daily lives are made from polymers. Ubiquity of plastics also incur a cost to our environment. A trade off we must deal with at all times.
The last time I looked, the encyclopedia on high polymer science ran over 30 volumes—not a matter that anyone reduce to a simple answer on brainly ..
^_^
Similar questions
which monomer is converted into polymer”
Note: Monomer can’t undergo polymerization but
requires the presence of a chemical called Initiator.