notes on print culture lesson....... fully
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The First Printed Books
Print in China
• The earliest print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea.
• By the seventeenth century, as urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.
• In the late nineteenth century, western printing techniques and mechanical presses were imported as Western powers established their outposts in China.
• Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture.
Print in Japan
• Around AD 768-770, Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan.
• The Buddhist Diamond Sutra was the oldest Japanese book which was printed in AD 868.
Print Comes to Europe
• In the 11th century, Chinese paper reached Europe via the silk route.
• In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy from China and brought printing knowledge back with him.
• Italians began producing books with woodblocks, and soon the technology spread to other parts of Europe.
→ As the demand for books increased, booksellers all over Europe began exporting books to many different countries.
• But the production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever-increasing demand for books because:
→ Copying was an expensive, laborious and time-consuming business.
→ Manuscripts were fragile, awkward to handle.
• In the 1430s, Johann Gutenberg invented new printing technology by developing first-known printing press at Strasbourg, Germany.
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