Question

Nume the device which converts mechanical energy into a temating electrical energy
Give its principle, construction and theory with the help of diagram (5 Marks)​

Answer 1

Answer:

Electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction i.e. current can be induced in a coil by rotating it in a magnetic field.

Electric generators work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. A conductor coil (a copper coil tightly wound onto a metal core) is rotated rapidly between the poles of a horseshoe type magnet. ... The magnetic field will interfere with the electrons in the conductor to induce a flow of electric current inside it.

Answer 2

$\large{\underline{\underline{\sf{\blue{Required \: Answers-}}}}}$

$\star \: {\underline{\boxed{\sf{Electric \: Generator}}}}$

• The device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is termed as Electric Generator.

• Mechanical energy is used here to rotate current carrying coul in a magnetic field around the axle & thereby produces electricity.

• Charles F. Brush was the first person to invent Electric Generator.

$\star \: {\underline{\boxed{\sf{Principle}}}}$

• Electric Generator works on the principle of Electromagnetic Induction which is invented by Michael Faraday.

• Coil of an electric generator rotates in magnetic field, a current is induced in the coil.

• This induced current flows in the circuit connected to the coil.

$\star \: {\underline{\boxed{\sf{Construction}}}}$

• Figure provided in attachment shows construction of an Electric Generator. Here, a coil ABCD of copper wire is kept between the two poles of magnet.

• Ends of coil are connected to conducting rings $\sf{R_1}$ & $\sf{R_2}$ through carbon brushes.

• Rings are fixed to axle & there is resistive coating in between rings & axles. Galvanometer used here is to show the direction of current in circuit.

$\star \: {\underline{\boxed{\sf{Working}}}}$

• When axle is rotated, coil ABCD starts rotating. According to Fleming's right hand rule, the induced current flows in direction A $\longrightarrow$ B $\longrightarrow$ C $\longrightarrow$ D in external circuit.

• Induced current is proportional to no. of turns of copper wire in coil. After half rotation, AB & CD interchange their places. Hence, induced current flows in direction of D $\longrightarrow$ C $\longrightarrow$ B $\longrightarrow$ A.

• Thus, direction of current is external circuit opposite to that in previous half rotation. The process goes on repeating & alternating current is generated.