Question

O M
UUL
B. State the major functions of the following
parts in a cell.
1. Cell membrane
2. Nucleus
3. Endoplasmic reticulum 4.Ribosomes
5.Mitochondria
6. Golgi body
7. Plastids. 8.Lysosomes​

Answer 1

ANSWER:

1. CELL MEMBRANE:-

It functions as a semi-permeable barrier, allowing a very few molecules across it while fencing the majority of chemicals inside cells.

2. NUCLEUS:-

The main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.

3. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM:-

The endoplasmic reticulum serves many general functions, including the folding of protein molecules in sacs called cisternae and the transport of synthesized proteins in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus.

4. RIBOSOMES:-

Ribosomes are the organelles that help in protein synthesis. Protein is required for many cell activities such as damage repair and other chemical processes.

5. MITCHONDRIA:-

Mitochondria are a part of eukaryotic cells. The main job of mitochondria is to perform cellular respiration. This means it takes in nutrients from the cell, breaks it down, and turns it into energy.

6. GOLGI BODY:-

The Golgi body has a number of functions, including sorting and processing proteins. Proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, then they travel to the Golgi body. While in the Golgi body, they are processed and sent throughout the cell.

7. PLASTIDS:-

They only occur in cells of plants and photosynthetic protists. They are of three types of plastids.

# Chloroplast: Sites of photosynthesis eukaryotes, contain chlorophyll (the green pigment for photosynthesis) and associated pigments.

# Chromoplast: Contain pigments associated with bright colors and are present in cells of flower petals and fruits. Its function is to give colour to these parts and help in pollination and dispersal of fruit.

# Leucoplasts: Are colourless and store starch, proteins and lipids. Present in cells of those parts where food is stored.

8. LYSOSOMES:-

Lysosomes contain strong digestive enzymes and work for the breakdown of food and waste materials within cell. During its function, a lysosomes fuses with the vacuole that contains the targeted material and its enzymes break down the material.