o what & management & explen ets nature of
important.
gas
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Answer:
Natural gas (also called fossil gas; sometimes just gas), is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.[2] It is formed when layers of decomposing plant and animal matter are exposed to intense heat and pressure under the surface of the Earth over millions of years.[citation needed] The energy that the plants originally obtained from the sun is stored in the form of chemical bonds in the gas.[3]
Natural gas is a non-renewable[3] hydrocarbon used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, and electricity generation. It is also used as a fuel for vehicles and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals.
Although not as damaging as coal natural gas is a major cause of climate change;[4][5][6] it is a greenhouse gas itself,[7] and creates carbon dioxide during oxidation. Natural gas can be used in place of coal, for example, to generate electricity, which may lower net carbon dioxide emissions in absence of carbon capture.[8][9][10]
Natural gas is found in deep underground rock formations or associated with other hydrocarbon reservoirs in coal beds and as methane clathrates. Petroleum is another resource and fossil fuel found close to and with natural gas. Most natural gas was created over time by two mechanisms: biogenic and thermogenic. Biogenic gas is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, landfills, and shallow sediments. Deeper in the earth, at greater temperature and pressure, thermogenic gas is created from buried organic material.[11][12]
In petroleum production, gas is sometimes burned as flare gas. Before natural gas can be used as a fuel, most, but not all, must be processed to remove impurities, including water, to meet the specifications of marketable natural gas. The by-products of this processing include ethane, propane, butanes, pentanes, and higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide (which may be converted into pure sulfur), carbon dioxide, water vapor, and sometimes helium and nitrogen.
Natural gas is sometimes informally referred to simply as "gas", especially when it is being compared to other energy sources, such as oil or coal. However, it is not to be confused with gasoline, which is often shortened in colloquial usage to "gas", especially in North America.
Definition of 'Natural Gas'
Definition: Natural gas is a mixture of gases which are rich in hydrocarbons. All these gases (methane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide etc) are naturally found in atmosphere. Natural gas reserves are deep inside the earth near other solid & liquid hydrocarbons beds like coal and crude oil.
Natural gas is not used in its pure form; it is processed and converted into cleaner fuel for consumption. Many by-products are extracted while processing of natural gas like propane, ethane, butane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc, which can be further used.
Description: Natural gas is mainly used as fuel for generating electricity and heat. Natural gas in compressed form is used as fuel for vehicles which is known as CNG. It is used as fuel for boilers and air conditioners worldwide. This is used for making fertilizers also, mainly ammonia.
A green field project is going on in Russia to produce LNG to run aircrafts. Russia, USA and Canada are major producers & consumers. For transporting, two variants are used - LNG for cross countries exchange and CNG for domestic purpose.
Natural gas prices are affected mainly through the US demand and it's seasonal in nature wherein in winters its prices fluctuate heavily. Also they have direct correlation with crude oil prices. It is measured in million British thermal units (mmBTUs), but in some countries it is traded in Gigajoule also. The world's most liquid derivative contracts for natural gas are traded on NYMEX, while in India it is traded on MCX.