observe the modern periodic table and explain the gradation in reactivity of halogen family
Answers
Definition of Halogens
Vertical columns on the periodic table containing elements that exhibit similar properties are commonly referred to by chemists as groups, or families. There are a total of 18 groups on the periodic table. The halogens are all elements that are found in group 17 of the periodic table. The halogens include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. All of these elements are considered to be reactive nonmetals.
Reactivity of Halogens
Atoms of elements consist of a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons. The nucleus is surrounded by electrons that move around in orbits, or levels. Atoms of an element react with other atoms based on the number of electrons found in their outer orbit. These outer electrons are called valence electrons. For an atom of an element to be nonreactive, it must have eight electrons in its outer level. All members of the halogen family have seven valence electrons.
Because these atoms are so close to having a full set of eight valence electrons, they're very reactive. They show a chemical tendency to gain one electron by forming bonds and taking the electron from other atoms to attain a full set. Because of their chemical reactivity, these elements do not exist as single elements in nature. They are only found in compound