observe the modern periodic table and explain the graduation in reactive of halogen family
Answers
Answer:
The Halogens: Group 7A
In the distance, you can see it. A dark shadow slowly approaching. It's here to take something from you, but what? As it gets closer, it slowly comes into focus, and it's terrifying. You rub your eyes to make sure you're seeing it correctly. It's in focus, so you can see it now. It's.... fluorine, and it's here to take your.... electrons?
Yeah, you got me. Fluorine really isn't lurking in dark, shadowy places trying to steal your electrons. But it is extremely electronegative, meaning it really wants electrons (but we'll delve into that definition later in the lesson).
Fluorine is a halogen, which is a group of non-metals located on the right side of the periodic table that includes fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). Most halogens are electron-hungry, like fluorine. Halogens can also be referred to as group 7A, group 17, or group VIIA elements. All mean the same thing.
Properties Halogens Share
So, we know halogens are a group of non-metal, electronegative elements located on the right side of the periodic table. Nonmetals have certain properties that distinguish them from the metals or metalloids, including being poor conductors of electricity or heat, brittle (if it's a solid), and not having a metallic luster.
Elements are placed into groups because they share similar properties, and the halogens have quite a few properties in common. So, let's take a look at some of the properties and trends within this group. All of the halogens have seven valence electrons, which are the electrons farthest from the center of the atom. Valence electrons help determine the properties of the element, as well as who the atom can bond, or attach, with.
Atoms bond, or stick together, in a couple of different ways. Some atoms share electrons in what is called a covalent bond. Sometimes atoms transfer electrons, which is called an ionic bond. Valence electrons are often represented as dots around the element, and you can see here that chlorine (Cl) has seven dots: