observer and report about local agriculture practice and crops grown
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Agricultural Practices
Agricultural practices focused exclusively on crop yields at a local scale can be transformed to practices focused on sustainable production at a global scale through a better understanding of what soils need beyond specific constituent amendments to effectively carry out their metabolic processes. The emergent field of agroecology, treating soil as a living ecological system rather than a factory in an industrial system, offers new process-oriented perspectives on food production [461]. Programs sensitive to the complex relationships existing between soil components are already leading to the inoculation of forests with mycorrhizal fungi (mycoforestry), thereby enhancing tree health and retarding soil erosion potential. Organic gardeners have long recognized the importance of mycorrhizal fungi for pest control, as well as for enhancing crop growth [86,462,196]86462196.
Agricultural practices that are more efficient can considerably reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which in turn will reduce the need for fertilizers, and pulses play an important role in this context. Along with the better management of fertilizers, including integrated nutrient management, better timing of fertilization and precision farming; pulses have a very important role to play in climate change mitigation. The inclusion of pulses in crop rotations exploits symbiotic microbes to fix nitrogen, which is partly transferred to subsequent crops, increasing their yields. This considerably reduces green house emission from agriculture and enhances the residence time of carbon in the soil. In forage pulses/grass mixtures, nitrogen is transferred from pulse to grass, increasing pasture production. When included in livestock feed, pulses’ high protein content contributes to increase the food conversion ratio while decreasing methane emissions from ruminants, thus at the same time reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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