ocean water conversion into soft water for a4 size sheet
Answers
"Water is a universal solvent. We drink water and we use water for various purposes. There are various types of water. But based on drinking attribute, we can divide the water into hard water and soft water. The hard water has high mineral content in it and it is not suitable for drinking purpose. This type of water is found in ocean. The soft water has low concentration of mineral and ions and it is suitable for drinking. This type of water is found in well and rain water.
The availability of water is huge problem in this hi-tech world. The rains are becoming acid rains and the groundwater is being overused. This leads to water scarcity eventually. The availability of soft water is reduced and the availability of hard water is increased due to mass pollution.
So, nowadays, the hard water is converted into soft water using various processes. The evaporation and condensation may look like exactly best process to convert hard water into soft water. But its evaporation and condensation will not make the water completely suitable for drinking purpose. The main component which makes water hard is calcium. We need to remove the calcium content in the water to make it suitable for drinking. The calcium content is removed by various processes and all the process involves a special step to remove salt which is called as desalination. According to the requirement, we can change the process involved in making the soft water. In this essay, we will see the two process involved to remove the calcium content.
1. Reverse osmosis:
In this process, the calcium contents are removed by making the water flow through a semi permeable membrane.
a. The water is made to flow through a membrane with large pores which traps large solid and dust particles.
b. Then the water is flown through carbon film in which all the calcium contents are removed.
c. Then it is made to flow through semi permeable thin membrane.
d. Again the water is made to flow through carbon film which removes all the escaped impurities.
e. Finally the water is made to flow through ultraviolet light which kills harmful microorganism present in the water.
The water obtained by the end of the reverse osmosis is suitable for water.
2. Ion exchange process:
In this process, the calcium contents are removed with other chemical compounds.
a. The ion exchange resin has sodium in it and it is filled in a tube.
b. When the water is passed through the tube with ion exchange resin.
c. The calcium in the water is replaced by the sodium compound in the tube.
d. This finally forms the calcium carbonate precipitate, which is settled at the bottom.
The water obtained as result of this process is used for washing purposes because the water produced in this process is not safe to drink as it only removes the salinity in the water.
Thus, there are various processes involved in making water like distilled water, purified water, and drinking water. All the water available from the nature is not suitable to drink as it may contain harmful microorganisms which may cause serious disease. Thus, whenever we find water to drink, we need to boil the water and make it suitable to drink.
All the soft water is not suitable for drinking purpose."