Question

Om Prakash was studying the trend of solubility of alkaline earth hydroxides in water.

By doing actual experiments, he came to know that the solubility of hydroxides of alkaline

earth metals in water increases down the group. He discussed this with his classmate Anil.

He explained the phenomenon and Om Prakash got satisfied.

a. What explanation did Anil gave to Om Prakash?

b. What values are displayed by Anil?

c. Ba(OH)2 is soluble in water while BaSO4 is almost insoluble. Why?{ plz answer fast its urgent​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

a.Hydration enthalpy with increasing Ionic size,so the solubility increases as we go down the group.

b.Solubility in water mass of BaO:

1.67 g/100 mL (0 °C)

3.89 g/100 mL (20 °C)

4.68 g/100 mL (25 °C)

5.59 g/100 mL (30 °C)

8.22 g/100 mL (40 °C)

11.7 g/100 mL (50 °C)

20.94 g/100 mL (60 °C)

101.4 g/100 mL (100 °C).

c.Ba(OH)2 is highly soluble while BaSO4 is almost insoluble due to Lattice energy difference.

Explanation:

• Explanation for a.=Among alkaline earth metal hydroxides, the anion being common, the cationic radius will influence the lattice enthalpy. Since lattice enthalpy decreases much more than the hydration enthalpy with increasing ionic size, the solubility increases as we go down the group.
• Explanation for b=Since the hydroxide concentration, [OH−], is an integrated property of the solution, the solubility of metal hydroxide depends on pH, pOH or [OH−]. Alkali metal hydroxides LiOH, NaOH, KOH, CsOH are soluble, and their solutions are basic. Hydroxides of alkali earth metals are much less soluble.
• Explanation for c=Ba(OH)2 is highly soluble while BaSO4 is almost insoluble due to Lattice energy difference.
• On moving down the group lattice energy decreases due to increases in the size of cation.
• Yes BaSO4 is insoluble in water because it has high lattice enthalpy and it's hydration enthalpy decreases more rapidly than lattice enthalpy on dissolving in water. And for a compound to be soluble it's lattice enthalpy should be low and it should decrease more rapidly than hydration enthalpy.
• Now since both Ba and SO4 2- both are big and bigger cation stabilizes bigger anion strongly hence BaSO4 has high lattice enthalpy and it is insoluble