On an outline map of the world mark the places which provide raw ma terial to cotton textile industry of Osaka
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Cotton and textile industry
Cotton as a raw material=lightweight, non-perishable.
Cotton to yarn/textile =hardly any weightloss.
Therefore, proximity to raw material site=not essential, doesn’t offer great cost-saving in transportation. (unlike sugar, cement or steel industry)
Result=other factors become more important in industrial location viz.
nearness to market
nearness to waterbody (for dyeing, bleaching)
Energy to run powerlooms and textile machines
cheap labour supply
availability of capital/finance
Climate as factor
In dry climate, the cotton-threads will break quickly during spinning. Machine halts, you’ve to join the threads again to restart operation=not good for mass production.
on the other hand, humid climate= thread will rarely break. So, cotton textiles were setup near costal areas. (e.g. Mumbai, Osaka, Lancashire).
Today we’ve humidifiers that can artificially increase the air-moisture in factory/workshed= you can setup factory anywhere, run it efficiently, irrespective of climate outside.
Anyways, let’s examine from desi-videsi cotton industries
Textile Biz: India vs Japan
Mumbai Osaka, Japan
nickname Cottonopolis of India Manchester of Japan
Raw material
black soil of Maharashtra good for cotton (short, medium staple)
port location= easy to import long-staple cotton from Egypt, foreign textile machinery.
Black lava soil=good for cotton cultivation but not sufficient to meet the demand.
Osaka=port location, majority of production done with imported cotton from India, Egypt etc.
Climate Location near sea=humid climate = threads don’t break
Power
from Tata hydroelectric grid in Western ghat
Hydel power station near Osaka
Transport Mumbai=well connected via rail, road, airways, seaways. Osaka=Sea port + important railway junction.
Water Mithi river=Soft water for dyeing, bleaching. Yodo river
Capital
During American Civil War capitalists of Mumbai earned big profit by exporting cotton. This money was used to establish textile mills.
Today, Mumbai has good facilities for banking-finance.
Available from both government and private sector.
Labour Cheap, Abundant, skilled
Skilled, but not abundant.
High production using latest machines and automation technology.
Market Mumbai and India=large population =vast market Local market + export by sea to Australia, US. + Japan also uses petro-refinery byproducts for mfg. synthetic fibers.
let’s look @some more cotton mills
Textile Biz. Gujarat vs Tamilnadu
factor Ahmedabad Coimbatore
Raw material Available from nearby districts. same + cotton variety known as “Cambodia cotton” is grown.
Energy Thermal power plant near Sabarmati Pykara Hydel project
Water for dyeing, cleaning, bleaching Sabarmati, Khari river Noyyal river
Market
Large market in Gujarat and neighboring states
proximity to Mumbai port=yarn also exported to Japan
Large demand in Southern States+ Chennai port for export
Although in the 80s, most of the Ahmedabad mills fell sick and closed down. Industry shifted towards Surat-Khambhat region of Gujarat.
I hope it may helps u.....
Cotton as a raw material=lightweight, non-perishable.
Cotton to yarn/textile =hardly any weightloss.
Therefore, proximity to raw material site=not essential, doesn’t offer great cost-saving in transportation. (unlike sugar, cement or steel industry)
Result=other factors become more important in industrial location viz.
nearness to market
nearness to waterbody (for dyeing, bleaching)
Energy to run powerlooms and textile machines
cheap labour supply
availability of capital/finance
Climate as factor
In dry climate, the cotton-threads will break quickly during spinning. Machine halts, you’ve to join the threads again to restart operation=not good for mass production.
on the other hand, humid climate= thread will rarely break. So, cotton textiles were setup near costal areas. (e.g. Mumbai, Osaka, Lancashire).
Today we’ve humidifiers that can artificially increase the air-moisture in factory/workshed= you can setup factory anywhere, run it efficiently, irrespective of climate outside.
Anyways, let’s examine from desi-videsi cotton industries
Textile Biz: India vs Japan
Mumbai Osaka, Japan
nickname Cottonopolis of India Manchester of Japan
Raw material
black soil of Maharashtra good for cotton (short, medium staple)
port location= easy to import long-staple cotton from Egypt, foreign textile machinery.
Black lava soil=good for cotton cultivation but not sufficient to meet the demand.
Osaka=port location, majority of production done with imported cotton from India, Egypt etc.
Climate Location near sea=humid climate = threads don’t break
Power
from Tata hydroelectric grid in Western ghat
Hydel power station near Osaka
Transport Mumbai=well connected via rail, road, airways, seaways. Osaka=Sea port + important railway junction.
Water Mithi river=Soft water for dyeing, bleaching. Yodo river
Capital
During American Civil War capitalists of Mumbai earned big profit by exporting cotton. This money was used to establish textile mills.
Today, Mumbai has good facilities for banking-finance.
Available from both government and private sector.
Labour Cheap, Abundant, skilled
Skilled, but not abundant.
High production using latest machines and automation technology.
Market Mumbai and India=large population =vast market Local market + export by sea to Australia, US. + Japan also uses petro-refinery byproducts for mfg. synthetic fibers.
let’s look @some more cotton mills
Textile Biz. Gujarat vs Tamilnadu
factor Ahmedabad Coimbatore
Raw material Available from nearby districts. same + cotton variety known as “Cambodia cotton” is grown.
Energy Thermal power plant near Sabarmati Pykara Hydel project
Water for dyeing, cleaning, bleaching Sabarmati, Khari river Noyyal river
Market
Large market in Gujarat and neighboring states
proximity to Mumbai port=yarn also exported to Japan
Large demand in Southern States+ Chennai port for export
Although in the 80s, most of the Ahmedabad mills fell sick and closed down. Industry shifted towards Surat-Khambhat region of Gujarat.
I hope it may helps u.....
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