Question

On the basis of the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the

samples given below, Identify and justify by stating reason for each.

a) The pair of isotopes

b) The pair of isobars

c) The cation

d) The anion

SAMPLE PROTONS NEUTRONS ELECTRONS

A 17 18 17

B 18 22 18

C 17 20 17

D 20 20 20

E 16 16 18

F 19 20 18​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

a) A and C

b) B and D

c) F

d) E

Explanation:

a) Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same proton numbers (atomic numbers) and electron numbers, but different neutron numbers.

SAMPLE A has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons.

SAMPLE C has 17 protons, 20 neutrons, and 17 electrons.

The neutron number is different, hence the samples are a pair of isotopes.

b) Isobars are atoms of different elements, having the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers.

SAMPLE B has 18 protons, 22 neutrons, and 18 electrons.

SAMPLE D has 20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons.

The mass number of each sample is 40.

The mass number is the same, hence the samples are a pair of isobars.

c) A cation is a positively charged ion as it has more protons than electrons in it.

SAMPLE F has 19 protons and 18 electrons.

The proton number is greater than the electron number so the sample is a cation.

d) An anion is a negatively charged ion as it has more electrons than protons.

SAMPLE E has 16 protons and 18 electrons.

The electron number is greater than the proton number so the sample is an anion.