Question

On the basis of vsepr theory predict the shape of h3o+ ion

Answer 1

Answer:

Based on VSEPR Theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory) the electron clouds on atoms and lone pair of electrons around the O atom will repel each other. As a result they will be pushed apart giving the H3O+ molecule a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry or shape.

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Answer 2

The shape of $H_3O^+$ is trigonal pyramidal.

Explanation:

Formula used  :

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]$

where,

V = number of valence electrons present in central atom = 6

N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom = 2

C = charge of cation = +1

A = charge of anion = 0

Now we have to determine the hybridization of the $H_3O^+$ molecules.

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [6+3-1]=4$

Bond pair electrons = 3

Lone pair electrons = 1

The number of electrons are 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are three atoms around the central oxygen atom, the fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be trigonal pyramidal.