One of the most frightening and destructive
phenomena of nature is a severe earthquake and
its terrible after effects. Earthquakes are the
result of forces deep within the earth's interior
that continuously affects the surface of the
earth. The energy from these forces is stored in
a variety of ways within the rocks. When this
energy is released suddenly, an earthquake
occurs. The area of the fault where the sudden
rupture takes place is called the focus or hypo-
centre of the earthquake. The point on the
earth's surface directly above the focus is called
the epicentre of the earthquake. The effect of an
earthquake on the earth's surface is called the
intensity. The intensity scale consists of a series
of responses such as the number of people who
woke up, movement of furniture, damage to
chimneys and finally total destruction. The
magnitude of 5.3 might be a moderate
earthquake, and a strong earthquake might be
rated with the magnitude 6.3. An earthquake in a
densely populated area which results in many
deaths may have the same magnitude but acts
only as a shock in a remote area that does
nothing more than frightening the wildlife.
1. The passage deals with *
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cause and effect of earth quake
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