Question

One seed which can be dispersed by plant itself, water, wind as well as animals also explain its features and mention how it will be beneficial


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Answer 1

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For a seed plant species to be successful, the seeds must be dispersed, or scattered around in various directions. If the seeds are spread out in many different areas, there is a better chance that some of the seeds will find the right conditions to grow.

Dispersal by plant it self

• Explosive mechanism is a method of self dispersal of seeds by the plants. Some plants distribute their seeds by violently ejecting them so that they fall well away from the parent plant. This is explosive dispersal. An example of this is plants which belong to the pea family (Leguminoceae). They produce seed pods which dry in the sun.

Dispersal by water

• Plants which grow beside water often rely on water to transport their seeds for them. They may produce light seeds which float, or there may be fluff that helps buoyancy. Two tall trees, Willow and Silver Birch, are often found in the middle of moorland, far from any other trees, but along the course of a stream. They can colonise such isolated places because they both have very small, light seeds, which can be carried by the wind or by water. Foxgloves and Harebells often grow beside streams. They both have light seed that floats.

Dispersal by wind

• Seeds from plants like dandelions, swan plants and cottonwood trees are light and have feathery bristles and can be carried long distances by the wind. Some plants, like kauri and maple trees, have 'winged' seeds. With wind dispersal, the seeds are simply blown about and land in all kinds of places.

Dispersal by animals

• Animals can disperse seeds by excreting or burying them; other fruits have structures, such as hooks, that attach themselves to animals' fur. Humans also play a role as dispersers by moving fruit to new places and discarding the inedible portions containing the seeds