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Question:- Make a note on chapter 'Matter in our surroundings' ( Science Class 8)

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Answer 1

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Make a note on chapter 'Matter in our surroundings'

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States of Matter

Matter can be classified as solid, liquid and gas on the basis of interparticle forces and the arrangement of particles.

These three forms of matter are interconvertible by increasing or decreasing pressure and temperature.  For example, ice can be converted from solid to a liquid by increasing the temperature.

To know more about Evaporation, visit here.

Factors affecting evaporation

Temperature: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in temperature.

Surface area: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in surface area.

Humidity: The rate of evaporation decreases with an increase in humidity.

Wind speed: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in wind speed.

To know more about Factors Affecting Rate of Evaporation, visit here.

Cooling due to evaporation

During evaporation, the particles of a liquid absorb energy from the surroundings to overcome the inter-particle forces of attraction and undergo the phase change. The absorption of heat from the surrounding makes the surrounding cool.

For example, sweating cools down our body.

Physical Nature of Matter

A physical property is that aspect of the matter that can be observed or measured without changing its nature or composition.

It is independent of the amount of matter present.

Physical properties include appearance, colour, odour, density, texture, melting point, boiling point, solubility, etc.

Answer 2

Answer:

• Matter is made up small particles.
• The matter around us exists in three states - Solid, liquid and gas.
• The forces of attraction between the parties are maximum in solids, intermediate in liquids and minimum in gases.
• The spaces between the constituent particles is most odered in the case of solids, intermediate in liquids and maximum in gases.
• The arrangement of particles is most ordered in the case of solids over each other while for gases, there is no order, particles just move about randomly.
• The states of matter are inter-convertible. The state of matter can be changed by changing temperature or pressure.
• Sublimation is the change of solid state directly to gaseous state without going through liquid state.
• Evaporation causes cooling.
• Boiling is a bulk phenomenon. Particles from the bulk of the liquid change in to vapour state.
• Deposition is the change of gaseous state directly bo solid state without going through liquid state.