OPEN UP THE RESEARCH PROFILE ON WORMHOLES
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WORMHOLES
Definition: A Wormhole is a hypothetical cosmic object that is considered as a shortcut between two similar dimensional points (By this, I mean that a wormhole connects two distinct points in one universal space, time or two different universes. I will come to this point later as I have a different opinion in the above statement that is the generally accepted one).
A Brief History of Wormholes
Wormholes were first theorized in 1916, though that wasn't what they were called at the time. While reviewing another physicist's solution to the equations in Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, Austrian physicist Ludwig Flamm realized another solution was possible. He described a "white hole,"(what we call today as a wormhole) a theoretical time reversal of a black hole. Entrances to both black and white holes could be connected by a space-time conduit.
In 1935, Einstein and physicist Nathan Rosen used the theory of general relativity to elaborate on the idea, proposing the existence of "bridges" through space-time. These bridges connect two different points in space-time, theoretically creating a shortcut that could reduce travel time and distance. The shortcuts came to be called Einstein-Rosen bridges, or wormholes.
Wormholes were first studied mathematically in relativity as early as 1921 by the German mathematician Herman Weyl. However it wasn’t until Thorne began studying them in the 1980s that they started to be taken seriously by relativists. Thorne’s friend Carl Sagan, one of the great popularisers of science of the twentieth century, was working on a science fiction novel Contact, which was later turned into a Hollywood movie. Sagan wanted to feature wormholes in the novel, so asked his friend Kip Thorne to look at wormhole solutions to Einstein’s equations. Shortly after, Thorne proposed the idea of a traversable wormhole that would allow an explorer to travel through a wormhole in both directions from one part of the universe to another very quickly. A whole new area of physics research was spawned.
Till now, only one type of wormhole is discovered (calculated would be more appropriated though). It’s called the _Einstein Rosen Bridge_ (because it is the only kind of wormhole till known till now, many times, wormholes are only called as Einstein Rosen Bridge. Sometimes, it’s a misconception though).
The name wormhole is derived from the behavior of a _worm_ taking a _shortcut_ through the bulk of an apple to get to its opposite side.
The Wormhole Theory
We might imagine a 2D wormhole as a tunnel or passage between two points on a curved flat land also termed as hyperspace. A full three dimensional wormhole would have entrances and exits that are three dimensional spheres rather than two dimensional rings like the mouths of the tube. Such lower dimensional, humanfriendly, visualizations are termed embedding diagrams, and the iconic wormhole image is usually shown as the well known Schwarzchild embedding diagram, which is the wormhole for a static, non-rotating, Schwarzchild black hole. The tunnel might be a straight stretch, but it could also wind around, taking a longer path than a conventional rout might require. An observer passing through such a wormhole could, in principle, traverse the wormhole in less time than it would take to travel from point A to point B through normal space-time outside the wormhole. Moreover, if A and B are sufficiently distant in space and the wormhole length is sufficiently short, an observer could potentially traverse the wormhole in a time less than it would take to send a light signal from A to B through normal space. Wormholes could thus be used as a cosmic wonder to effectively bypass the limitation that no object can travel faster than the speed of light in special and general relativity. Faster than light travel itself presents many paradoxes, since it could be used to send messages and information back in time. Certain other uses of wormholes could also potentially allow observers themselves to travel into the past.
Definition: A Wormhole is a hypothetical cosmic object that is considered as a shortcut between two similar dimensional points (By this, I mean that a wormhole connects two distinct points in one universal space, time or two different universes. I will come to this point later as I have a different opinion in the above statement that is the generally accepted one).
A Brief History of Wormholes
Wormholes were first theorized in 1916, though that wasn't what they were called at the time. While reviewing another physicist's solution to the equations in Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, Austrian physicist Ludwig Flamm realized another solution was possible. He described a "white hole,"(what we call today as a wormhole) a theoretical time reversal of a black hole. Entrances to both black and white holes could be connected by a space-time conduit.
In 1935, Einstein and physicist Nathan Rosen used the theory of general relativity to elaborate on the idea, proposing the existence of "bridges" through space-time. These bridges connect two different points in space-time, theoretically creating a shortcut that could reduce travel time and distance. The shortcuts came to be called Einstein-Rosen bridges, or wormholes.
Wormholes were first studied mathematically in relativity as early as 1921 by the German mathematician Herman Weyl. However it wasn’t until Thorne began studying them in the 1980s that they started to be taken seriously by relativists. Thorne’s friend Carl Sagan, one of the great popularisers of science of the twentieth century, was working on a science fiction novel Contact, which was later turned into a Hollywood movie. Sagan wanted to feature wormholes in the novel, so asked his friend Kip Thorne to look at wormhole solutions to Einstein’s equations. Shortly after, Thorne proposed the idea of a traversable wormhole that would allow an explorer to travel through a wormhole in both directions from one part of the universe to another very quickly. A whole new area of physics research was spawned.
Till now, only one type of wormhole is discovered (calculated would be more appropriated though). It’s called the _Einstein Rosen Bridge_ (because it is the only kind of wormhole till known till now, many times, wormholes are only called as Einstein Rosen Bridge. Sometimes, it’s a misconception though).
The name wormhole is derived from the behavior of a _worm_ taking a _shortcut_ through the bulk of an apple to get to its opposite side.
The Wormhole Theory
We might imagine a 2D wormhole as a tunnel or passage between two points on a curved flat land also termed as hyperspace. A full three dimensional wormhole would have entrances and exits that are three dimensional spheres rather than two dimensional rings like the mouths of the tube. Such lower dimensional, humanfriendly, visualizations are termed embedding diagrams, and the iconic wormhole image is usually shown as the well known Schwarzchild embedding diagram, which is the wormhole for a static, non-rotating, Schwarzchild black hole. The tunnel might be a straight stretch, but it could also wind around, taking a longer path than a conventional rout might require. An observer passing through such a wormhole could, in principle, traverse the wormhole in less time than it would take to travel from point A to point B through normal space-time outside the wormhole. Moreover, if A and B are sufficiently distant in space and the wormhole length is sufficiently short, an observer could potentially traverse the wormhole in a time less than it would take to send a light signal from A to B through normal space. Wormholes could thus be used as a cosmic wonder to effectively bypass the limitation that no object can travel faster than the speed of light in special and general relativity. Faster than light travel itself presents many paradoxes, since it could be used to send messages and information back in time. Certain other uses of wormholes could also potentially allow observers themselves to travel into the past.
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Explanation:
Einstein–Rosen wormhole) is a speculative structure linking disparate points in spacetime, and is based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations. A wormhole can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, or different points in time, or both).
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether wormholes actually exist remains to be seen. Many scientists postulate wormholes are merely a projection of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.[1]
A wormhole could connect extremely long distances such as a billion light years or more, short distances such as a few meters, different universes, or different points in time.
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