optics short information related to syllabus of Diploma
Answers
Explanation:
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.[1] Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties.[1]
Most optical phenomena can be accounted for using the classical electromagnetic description of light. Complete electromagnetic descriptions of light are, however, often difficult to apply in practice. Practical optics is usually done using simplified models. The most common of these, geometric optics, treats light as a collection of rays that travel in straight lines and bend when they pass through or reflect from surfaces. Physical optics is a more comprehensive model of light, which includes wave effects such as diffraction and interference that cannot be accounted for in geometric optics. Historically, the ray-based model of light was developed first, followed by the wave model of light. Progress in electromagnetic theory in the 19th century led to the discovery that light waves were in fact electromagnetic radiation.
Some phenomena depend on the fact that light has both wave-like and particle-like properties. Explanation of these effects requires quantum mechanics. When considering light's particle-like properties, the light is modelled as a collection of particles called "photons". Quantum optics deals with the application of quantum mechanics to optical systems.
Explanation:
Optics is the branch of physics which deals with the study of optical phenomena. Optics can be divided into two categories, which is Ray optics and Wave optics. Wave optics deals with the connection of waves and rays of light. It is used when the wave characteristics of light are taken in account. Wave Optics deals with the study of various phenomenal behaviors of light like reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, polarization etc. It is otherwise known as Physical Optics.
For example, consider a compact disc. The colors which is reflected by the disc varies with different angle. This may be the evidence for wave character of light. It happens due to the interference of light waves which can be described by the concept of wave optics. It’s the same concept we see when we look at soap bubbles and a thin film of oil which is floating on surface of water. This reflection phenomena can be explained with the wave theory of light. Another example to explain this phenomenon is peacock and butterfly.